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How money moves, in plain English

Practical basics on cards, ACH, and funding so you can read a statement, compare options, and walk into any conversation prepared, including with us.

Start here: cards, ACH, or in-store pricing?

Pick the topic that matches what you sell, then use the calculators to sanity-check fees or runway before you talk to any provider, us included.

How cards, ACH, and funding work

Card payments

When a customer taps or dips, authorization is instant, but settlement to your account is batch-driven and priced as interchange, assessments, and processor margin. Your “rate” is really an effective blend of those parts plus chargebacks and refunds.

ACH & bank debits

ACH moves value through the banking network. It is usually cheaper than cards but has different return codes and timing. Great for invoices and recurring customers who trust you enough to authorize a bank debit.

Funding products

Working capital and MCA-style products pull from your sales or bank activity. Cost is often expressed in factor or payback terms, not APR on a billboard. We walk through the actual dollars in and out so you can compare against other options on your desk.

Need capital, not just education?

If you already know what you need and are ready to put a file together, skip the reading.

All programs & guides

Every card below links to a program page with context and a short intake so you reach the right team. For capital or the combined funding-and-payments file, use the footer links (homepage quote or full application). See our disclosure for partner relationships.

New business checklist

Formation, banking, and compliance before you fund or take cards. We link to partners such as Incfile where we may earn a commission. See our disclosure.

MCC code lookup

Merchant Category Codes describe what you sell for card networks and banks. Search by 4-digit code or keyword. This list is a practical subset, not every code. Your processor confirms the MCC at boarding.

  • 0742Veterinary services
  • 0763Agricultural co-ops
  • 0780Landscaping and horticultural
  • 1520General contractors, residential
  • 1711Heating, plumbing, A/C contractors
  • 1731Electrical contractors
  • 1740Masonry, stonework, plaster
  • 1750Carpentry contractors
  • 1761Roofing, siding, sheet metal
  • 1771Concrete contractors
  • 1799Special trade contractors (not elsewhere)
  • 2741Miscellaneous publishing and printing
  • 2791Typesetting and plate making
  • 2842Specialty cleaning, polishing, sanitation
  • 3000Airlines (United)
  • 3001Airlines (American)
  • 3501Hotels, motels, resorts
  • 4011Railroads
  • 4111Commuter transport, ferries
  • 4112Passenger railways
  • 4121Taxicabs and limousines
  • 4131Bus lines
  • 4214Motor freight and trucking
  • 4215Courier services
  • 4225Public warehousing
  • 4411Cruise lines
  • 4457Boat rentals and leases
  • 4468Marinas, marine service
  • 4511Airlines (not elsewhere classified)
  • 4722Travel agencies
  • 4733Tour operators
  • 4784Tolls and bridges
  • 4812Telecom equipment sales
  • 4814Telecom services
  • 4816Computer network services
  • 4829Wire transfers and money orders
  • 4900Utilities: electric, gas, water, sanitary
  • 5013Motor vehicle supplies, new parts
  • 5021Office furniture
  • 5039Construction materials

In-person vs. online acceptance

How and where a card is presented determines your rates, your fraud exposure, and which payment methods you can accept. Card-present (in-person) is almost always cheaper and lower-risk than card-not-present (online).

Card-present (CP)Lower rates · Lower fraud risk

The card (or device) is physically tapped, dipped, or swiped at a terminal. The network can verify the chip or NFC token, so interchange is significantly lower than online. Typical effective rates: 1.5%–2.5%.

Accepted methods

VisaMastercardAmexDiscoverApple PayGoogle PaySamsung PayTap to pay

· EMV chip or NFC token verified at point of sale

· Counterfeit fraud liability on merchant if no chip reader (post 2015 shift)

· Chargebacks still possible, but fraud-based disputes are rarer

Card-not-present (CNP)Higher rates · Higher fraud risk

Card details are entered online, over the phone, or via a payment link. No physical verification is possible, so networks charge more and fraud is far more common. Typical effective rates: 2.2%–3.5%+.

Accepted methods

VisaMastercardAmexDiscoverApple PayGoogle PayPayPalACH / Bank

· 3D Secure (3DS) adds friction but shifts fraud liability to issuer

· AVS and CVV checks required — failures raise decline rates

· Chargeback rates above 1% trigger processor reviews and reserves

Typical interchange range by environment

In-person (debit, regulated)~0.05% + $0.22
In-person (credit, consumer)~1.50%–1.80%
Online (credit, consumer)~1.80%–2.40%
Online (premium / rewards cards)~2.40%–3.50%+

Interchange rates are set by card networks and vary by card type, MCC, and ticket size. These are illustrative ranges only — your actual rate depends on your merchant category, processor, and card mix.

Want to understand why these rules exist? Read the U.S. payment regulation timeline — from the Durbin Amendment to EMV, plain English.

Run the numbers before you talk to anyone

Rough estimates only. Use them to frame the right questions — with us or any other provider. Not tax, legal, or investment advice.

Effective processing rate

Add your monthly card volume and total processing charges from a recent statement (fees + assessments + interchange as reported). This is a sanity check, not a quote.

Implied effective rate

2.40%

≈ $1,200 / month on $50,000 volume

Cash runway (simple)

Operating cash in the bank vs. average monthly cash expenses (payroll, rent, COGS outflows). Not tax or accounting advice. Just a directional view.

Approx. runway

79 days

Rule of thumb: cash ÷ (monthly burn ÷ 30). Plug in your real numbers with your CFO or bookkeeper.

Illustrative card cost

If you assume an all-in effective rate, what does that imply monthly? Compare to ACH or cash-discount options when you talk to us. Not a promise of savings.

Implied monthly card cost ≈ $2,320

Numbers make more sense now?

If what you calculated raised a question worth answering, that is exactly when to talk. Use the form below or jump straight to the funding application.

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